Background Library on Urban Socio-Ecological Metabolism
Syracuse Urban Long Term Research Area (ULTRA)

Abel, Tom 1998.  Complex adaptive systems, evolutionism, and ecology within anthropology: Interdisciplinary research for understanding cultural and ecological dynamics. Georgia Journal of Ecological Anthropology, 2: 6-29.

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Alberti, M. and P. Waddell. 2000. An integrated urban development and ecological model. Integrated Assessment 1:215–227.

Arnold, C. L. and C. Gibbons. 1996. Impervious surface coverage: The emergence of a key environmental indicator. Journal of the American Planning Association 62:2243–258.

Audirac, I., A. H. Shermyen, and M. T. Smith. 1990. Ideal Urban Form and Visions of the Good Life: Florida's Growth Management Dilemma. Journal of the American Planning Association 56:470–482.

Baker, LA., P.M. Hartzheim, S.E. Hobbie, J.Y. King, K.C. Nelson. 2007.  Effect of consumption choices on fluxes of carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus through households. Urban Ecosystems 10(2): 97-117.

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Botsford, L. W., J. C. Castilla, and C. Peterson. 1997. The management of fisheries and marine ecosystems. Science 277:509–515.

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Collins, J. P., A. Kinzig, N. B. Grimm, W. F. Fagan, D. Hope, J. Wu, and E. T. Borer. 2000. A new urban ecology. American Scientist 88:416–425.

Costanza, R., R. d'Arge, R. de Groot, S. Farber, M. Grasso, B. Hannon, K. Limburg, S. Naheem, R.V. O'Neill, J. Paruelo, R.G. Raskin, P. Sutton, and M. van den Belt. 1997. The value of the world's ecosystem services and natural capital. Nature 387:253–260.

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Flores, A., S. T. A. Pickett, W. C. Zipperer, R. V. Pouyat, and R. Pirani. 1997. Application of ecological concepts to regional planning: A greenway network for the New York metropolitan region. Landscape and Urban Planning 39:295–308

Folke, C. A., J. Jansson, and R. Costanza. 1997. Ecosystem appropriation by cities. Ambio 26:167–172.

Foresman, T. W., S. T. A. Pickett, and W. C. Zipperer. 1997. Methods for spatial and temporal land use and land cover assessment for urban ecosystems and application in the greater Baltimore–Chesapeake region. Urban Ecosystems 1:210–216.

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Grimm, N. B., J. M. Grove, S. T. A. Pickett, and C. L. Redman. 2000. Integrated approaches to long-term studies of urban ecological systems. BioScience 50:571–584.

Grove, J. M. and W. R. Burch Jr.. 1997. A social ecology approach and applications of urban ecosystem and landscape analyses: A case study of Baltimore, Maryland. Urban Ecosystems 1:259–275.

Haberl, H. , V. Winiwarter, K. Andersson, R. U. Ayres, C. Boone, A. Castillo, G. Cunfer, M. Fischer- Kowalski, W. R. Freudenburg, E. Furman, R. Kaufmann, F. Krausmann, E. Langthaler, H. Lotze- Campen, M. Mirtl, C. L. Redman, A. Reenberg, A. Wardell, B. Warr, and H. Zechmeister, 2006. From LTER to LTSER: Conceptualizing the socioeconomic dimension of long-term socioecological research. Ecology and Society 11(2): 13.

Hixon, M. A., P. W. Pacala, and S. A. Sandin. 2002. Population regulation: Historical context and contemporary challenges of open vs. closed systems. Ecology 83:1490–1508.

Holling, C. S. 2001. Understanding the complexity of economic, ecological, and social systems. Ecosystems 4:390–405.

Innes, J. E. and D. E. Booher. 1999. Metropolitan development as a complex system: A new approach to sustainability. Economic Development Quarterly 13:141–156.

Levin, S. A. 1998. Ecosystems and the biosphere as complex adaptive systems. Ecosystems 1:431–436.

Matson, P. A., W. J. Parton, A. G. Power, and M. J. Swift. 1997. Agricultural intensification and ecosystem properties. Science 277:504–509.

McDonnell, M. J. and S. T. A. Pickett. 1990. Ecosystem structure and function along urban–rural gradients: An unexploited opportunity for ecology. Ecology 71:1231–1237.

McKinney, M. L. 2002. Urbanization, biodiversity, and conservation. BioScience 52:883–890.

McPherson, E. G., D. Nowak, G. Heisler, S. Grimmond, C. Souch, R. Grant, and R. Rowntree. 1997. Quantifying urban forest structure, function, and value: The Chicago urban forest climate project. Urban Ecosystems 1:49–61.

New York State Comptroller 2004. Population Trends in New York State’s Cities. A Research Series from the Office of the New York State comptroller, Division of Local Government Services and Economic Development: Local Government Issues in Focus.

Newman, P.W.G. 1999. Sustainability and cities: extending the metabolism model. Landscape and Urban Planning 44: 219-226.

Noble, I. R. and R. Dirzo. 1997. Forests as human-dominated ecosystems. Science 277:522–525.

Odum, Howard T. and B. Odum. 2003. Concepts and methods of ecological engineering. Ecological Engineering (20). 339-361.

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Palmer, J.F. 1989. Residents' characterization of their residential greenspace resource. Proceedings of the Society of American Foresters National Convention, p. 373-379.

Palmer, J. F. 1984. Neighborhoods as stands in the urban forest. Urban Ecology 8:229-241.

Palumbi, S. R. 2001. Humans as the world's greatest evolutionary force. Science 293:1786–1790.

Pendall, R. 2003. Sprawl Without Growth: The Upstate Paradox. The Brookings Institution, Washington, DC.

Pickett, S. T. A., M. L. Cadenasso, J. M. Grove, C. H. Nilon, R. V. Pouyat, W. C. Zipperer, and R. Costanza. 2001. Urban ecological systems: Linking terrestrial ecological, physical, and socioeconomic components of metropolitan areas. Annual Review of Ecology and Systematics 32:127–157.

Pickett, S. T. A., W. R. Burch Jr., S. E. Dalton, T. W. Foresman, J. M. Grove, and R. Rowntree. 1997. A conceptual framework for the study of human ecosystems in urban areas. Urban Ecosystems 1:185–199.

Pierce N. and C. Johnson. 2002. City States Report: Syracuse and Central New York, Special to the Syracuse Post-Standard Series to run the week of June 30, 2002

Postel, S. L., G. C. Daily, and P. R. Ehrlich. 1996. Human appropriation of renewable fresh water. Science 271:785–788.

Redman, C. L., J. M. Grove, and L. H. Kuby. 2004. Integrating social science into the long-term ecological research (LTER) network: social dimensions of ecological change and ecological dimensions of social change. Ecosystems 7:161-171.

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Reznick, D., M. J. Bryant, and F. Bashey. 2002. R- and K-selection revisited: The role of population regulation in life-history evolution. Ecology 83:1509–1520.

Richards, N.A., J.R. Mallette, R.J. Simpson, and E.A. Macie. Residential greenspace and vegetation in a mature city: Syracuse, NY. Urban Ecology 8:99-125.

Robles, C. and D. Desharnais. 2002. History and current development of a paradigm of predation in rocky intertidal communities. Ecology 83:1521–1536.

Sadik, N. 1999. The State of World Population 1999—6 Billion: A Time for Choices. New York: United Nations Population Fund. (13 October 2003; www.unfpa.org/swp/1999/pdf/swp99.pdf).

Schilling, J., and J. Logan. 2008. Greening the Rust Belt: a green infrastructure model for right sizing America's shrinking cities. Journal of the American Planning Association 74: 451-466.

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Tarr, J.A. 2002. The metabolism of the industrial city: the case of Pittsburgh. Journal of Urban History 28(5): 511-545.

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Vitousek, P. M., H. A. Mooney, J. Lubchenco, and J. Melillo. 1997. Human domination of Earth's ecosystem. Science 277:494–499.

Vitousek, P. M., P. R. Ehrlich, A. H. Ehrlich, and P. A. Matson. 1986. Human appropriation of the products of photosynthesis. BioScience 36:368–373.

Wu, J. and J. L. David. 2002. A spatially explicit hierarchical approach to modeling complex ecological systems: Theory and applications. Ecological Modelling 153:7–26.