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                     <h1 class="txtDkGreen serif"><span class="small-text">ESF Academic Catalog</span><br>
                        									Graduate Programs in the Department of Environmental Studies</h1>
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                        <p>ESF's Environmental Studies graduate programs integrate social, cultural, and environmental
                           knowledge and skills to address the challenges of the 21st century.&nbsp; The Department
                           of Environmental Studies offers several pathways for graduate training, including:</p>
                        
                        <ul>
                           
                           <li>A PhD in Environmental Studies</li>
                           
                           <li>A Research-based MS (Master’s of Science)</li>
                           
                           <li>A Synthesis-Experience Based MPS (Master’s of Professional Studies)</li>
                           
                           <li>A Fully Online MPS in Environmental Leadership, Justice, and Communication</li>
                           
                           <li>Three Online Advanced Graduate Certificates, which can stand alone, or be used towards
                              partial completion of our other degree programs, including the online MPS degree</li>
                           </ul>
                        
                        <h2><a id="PhD"></a>PhD in Environmental Studies</h2>
                        
                        <p><span data-contrast="none" xml:lang="EN-US" lang="EN-US" class="TextRun SCXW240890332 BCX0"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW240890332 BCX0">The PhD in Environmental Studies prepares students to serve as leaders, researchers,
                                 scholars, and problem-solvers across multiple scales and levels. Students gain comprehensive</span></span><span data-contrast="none" xml:lang="EN-US" lang="EN-US" class="TextRun SCXW240890332 BCX0"><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW240890332 BCX0"><span>&nbsp;</span>environmental social science foundations and methods for analyzing and addressing
                                 environmental concerns and promoting sustainability through meaningful engagement
                                 with multiple stakeholders in environmental research, policymaking, and scholarship.
                                 The PhD program’s hybrid, low-residency<span>&nbsp;</span></span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW240890332 BCX0">option</span><span class="NormalTextRun SCXW240890332 BCX0"><span>&nbsp;</span>is designed to provide broad accessibility to traditional and non-traditional graduate
                                 students, including working, mid-career professionals.&nbsp;</span></span><span class="EOP Selected SCXW240890332 BCX0" data-ccp-props="{&#34;201341983&#34;:0,&#34;335559685&#34;:-5,&#34;335559737&#34;:428,&#34;335559739&#34;:232,&#34;335559740&#34;:216,&#34;335559991&#34;:10}">&nbsp;</span></p>
                        
                        <h3>PhD Program Requirements</h3>
                        
                        <p>A total of 60 credit hours is required to earn the PhD in Environmental Studies. Of
                           these 60 credit hours, 33 to 45 credit hours of coursework are required. To complement
                           coursework, students will complete 12 to 24 credits of Dissertation Research, and
                           at least 3 hours of Professional Development experience. Up to 30 credit hours of
                           transfer credits can be granted for related graduate coursework. Credit for relevant
                           professional work experience may be granted by the student’s PhD Steering Committee,
                           in lieu of selected course requirements.</p>
                        
                        <h4><strong>Ph. D. Low-Residency Option</strong></h4>
                        
                        <p>The PhD in Environmental Studies is offered in two formats: traditional, full residency;
                           and hybrid, low residency. For the low-residency option, students complete a minimum
                           of two semesters of residence at ESF; during this time, they complete core requirements
                           in “Theory, Philosophy &amp; Knowledge Systems” and in “Research Methods, Design, and
                           Utilization”, as well as appropriate thematic coursework. Additional coursework can
                           be completed before or after the two semesters of residency, taking up to nine credits
                           through online courses. Dissertation Research credit hours are generally taken following
                           successful completion of graduate coursework and the Ph.D. Candidacy Examination.</p>
                        
                        <p>The below table summarizes curricular requirements for both low-residency and full
                           residency options.&nbsp; Starred courses are offered online.</p>
                        
                        <h5>Curricular Requirements</h5>
                        
                        <p><strong> <em>Theory, Philosophy and Knowledge Systems- 9 credits</em></strong></p>
                        
                        <table class="table ">
                           
                           <tbody>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td><strong>Category / Course Title</strong></td>
                                 
                                 <td><strong>Credits</strong></td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td>
                                    
                                    <p><em>Two courses in Environmental Social Science Theory, at least one of which must be
                                          taken at the 700 level, e.g.</em></p>
                                    
                                    <p><em>&nbsp;</em></p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 600, Foundations of Environmental Studies</p>
                                    
                                    <p><strong>*</strong>EST 640, Environmental Thought and Ethics</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 708, Social Theory and the Environment</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 770, Regenerative Approaches to Sustainable Futures</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td>6</td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td><em>A discipline-focused graduate level theory course at ESF or Syracuse University</em> (e.g., Geography Theory)</td>
                                 
                                 <td>3</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        
                        <p>&nbsp;</p>
                        
                        <p><strong><em>Research Methods, Design, and Utilization- Four courses (at least one from each of
                                 the below categories)- 12 credits</em></strong></p>
                        
                        <table class="table ">
                           
                           <tbody>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td><strong>Category / Course Title</strong></td>
                                 
                                 <td><strong>Credits</strong></td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td>
                                    
                                    <p><strong><em>Research design</em></strong></p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 603, Research Methods and Design</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td>3</td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td>
                                    
                                    <p><strong><em>Social science research</em></strong><strong> <em>methods</em> </strong></p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 604, Social Survey Research Methods for Environmental Issues</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 605, Qualitative Methods</p>
                                    
                                    <p><strong>*</strong>EST 617, Measuring Environmental Inequality</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 645, Mass Media and Environmental Affairs</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 709 Indigenous Research Methods</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 715 Community Based Participatory Research</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td>3</td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td>
                                    
                                    <p><strong><em>Research utilization</em></strong></p>
                                    
                                    <p><em>&nbsp;</em>EST 550 Environmental Impact Analysis</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 627 Environmental and Energy Auditing</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 652 Managing Sustainability</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 690 International Environmental Policy</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 702 Environmental and Natural Resource Program Evaluation</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 705 Environmental Policy Analysis</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td>3</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        
                        <p>&nbsp;</p>
                        
                        <p><em><strong>Thematic Environmental Social Science- 12 credits</strong></em></p>
                        
                        <table class="table ">
                           
                           <tbody>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td><strong>Category / Course Title</strong></td>
                                 
                                 <td><strong>Credits</strong></td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td>
                                    
                                    <p><em>Four thematic environmental social science courses, e.g. </em></p>
                                    
                                    <p>*EST 606, Public perception and Communication of Risk, Science and Environment</p>
                                    
                                    <p>*EST 608, Environmental Advocacy Campaigns and Conflict Resolution</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 613, Urbanization and the Environment</p>
                                    
                                    <p>*EST 615, Environmental Justice: Policy, Tools &amp; Society</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 610 Critical Climate Studies</p>
                                    
                                    <p>EST 711 Water, Climate, and Society</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td>12</td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        
                        <p>&nbsp;</p>
                        
                        <p><em><strong>Additional Requirements</strong></em></p>
                        
                        <table class="table ">
                           
                           <tbody>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td width="270">
                                    
                                    <p><strong>Category / Course Title</strong></p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td width="77">
                                    
                                    <p><strong>Credits</strong></p>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td width="270">
                                    
                                    <p>EST 999 Dissertation Research</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td width="77">
                                    
                                    <p>12</p>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td width="270">
                                    
                                    <p>Professional Development Seminar(s)</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td width="77">
                                    
                                    <p>3</p>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              
                              <tr>
                                 
                                 <td width="270">
                                    
                                    <p>OPTIONAL: Additional Dissertation Research Credits / Topically Relevant Coursework
                                       / Guided Professional Practice</p>
                                    </td>
                                 
                                 <td width="77">
                                    
                                    <p>0-12</p>
                                    </td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        
                        <p>&nbsp;</p>
                        
                        <p><strong>Total credits: 60</strong></p>
                        
                        <p>*offered online</p>
                        
                        <p>&nbsp;</p>
                        
                        <h2><a id="ms"></a>M.S. in Environmental Studies</h2>
                        
                        <h3>M.S. Program Requirements</h3>
                        
                        <p>The Environmental Studies M.S. degree program is a 30-credit-hour experience focused
                           on advanced academic scholarship and research related to environmental affairs and
                           sustainability. This degree requires the completion of a Master's thesis. Details
                           on thesis proposals and expectations are available in the M.S. in Environmental Studies
                           student handbook. All students must present a Capstone Seminar during their final
                           semester. If necessary, the distribution of required credits may be adjusted to take
                           into account a student's prior academic work and background. It is recommended that
                           students entering this program have some academic background in Environmental Policy
                           or Communication, and Environmental Science or Ecology.</p>
                        
                        <h3>Core Courses (9 credits)</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course Number</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Codes *</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Credits</span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 600</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p>All students also take at least two of the following:</p>
                        
                        <h3>Elective Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course Number</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Codes *</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Credits</span></span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 608</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 610</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 611</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 612</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 613</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 615</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 618</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 640</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 645</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 650</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 708</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 770</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h2>Research Methods (6 credits)</h2>
                        
                        <p>All students take:</p>
                        
                        <h3>Core Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course Number</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Codes *</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Credits</span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 603</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p><span>And one additional research methods course, typically from the following list and
                              typically to support their thesis research:</span></p>
                        
                        <h3>Elective Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course Number</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Codes *</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Credits</span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>APM 510</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>APM 625</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>APM 630</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 604</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 605</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 617</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 702</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 705</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 709</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 715</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LSA 640</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p><strong>NOTE:</strong> Other research methods courses may be identified in collaboration with the student's
                           advisor.</p>
                        
                        <h2>Generalized / Thematic Area (9 credits)</h2>
                        
                        <p>All students take three courses--typically in a thematic area--in consultation with
                           their major professor. The thematic area should be used to substantively prepare the
                           student for thesis work. EST 898 and EST 899 may not be included as thematic area
                           courses.</p>
                        
                        <h3>Thesis Research (6 credits)</h3>
                        
                        <p>All students with an approved thesis proposal take at least six credits of:<br>EST 899. Master's Thesis Research</p>
                        
                        <h2><a id="mps-es"></a>M.P.S. in Environmental Studies</h2>
                        
                        <p>The M.P.S. in Environmental Studies degree program is a 30-33 credit-hour experience
                           focused on advanced academic scholarship and its application to environmental affairs
                           and sustainability. This degree requires the completion of a synthesis experience,
                           often involving an individual or group-based professional internship. All students
                           must present a Capstone Seminar during their final semester.&nbsp; The distribution of
                           required credits may be adjusted to take into account a student's prior academic work
                           and background. All courses are 3 credit hours unless noted otherwise. It is recommended
                           that students entering this program have some academic background in Environmental
                           Policy or Communication, and Environmental Science or Ecology.</p>
                        
                        <p><strong>Credit for prior experience</strong> (M.P.S. degree only). Applicants with a minimum of three (3) years of post-baccalaureate,
                           full-time professional experience directly related to the intended area of study may
                           apply for 6 credit hours of advanced standing in the M.P.S. program. Partial credit
                           for experience cannot be awarded. When awarded for prior work experience, the 6 credit
                           hours are applied toward the Synthesis requirement.</p>
                        
                        <h3>M.P.S. Program Requirements</h3>
                        
                        <p><strong>Core (12 credits)</strong></p>
                        
                        <p>Four courses cover the disciplinary and methodological scope of the field and demonstrate
                           its applicability to problem analysis and the quest for sustainability. For full-time
                           students, these courses are usually taken in the first year of the program; Part-time
                           students may take these courses over multiple years. These courses provide a basis
                           of common knowledge among students in the MPS program.</p>
                        
                        <h3>Required Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course Number</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Codes *</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Credits</span></span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 600</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p>AND three of the following:</p>
                        
                        <p>These are the recommended courses to help develop the fundamental knowledge and skill
                           set for Environmental Studies:</p>
                        
                        <h3>Required Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course Number</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Codes *</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Credits</span></span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 606</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 608</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 610</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 611</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 612</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 613</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 615</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 616</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 618</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 624</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 635</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 640</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 645</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 650</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 652</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 708</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 770</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p>Alternate courses may be identified in collaboration with the student's advisor.</p>
                        
                        <h3>Natural Sciences (3 credits)</h3>
                        
                        <p>At least one natural science course is required in order to enhance the student’s
                           existing knowledge. Typically this would be one of the following courses, though alternatives
                           may be considered in consultation with the student's advisor.&nbsp;</p>
                        
                        <p>Required - 1 course chosen from:</p>
                        
                        <h3>Required Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course Number</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Codes *</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Credits</span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EFB 523</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EFB 600</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EFB 623</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EFB 650</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>FOR 538</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>FOR 642</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>FOR 680</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>SRE 525</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h2>Research / Technical Methods (3 credits)</h2>
                        
                        <p>At least one research or technical methods course is required to provide skills necessary
                           to apply environmental knowledge and pursue the synthesis experience for the MPS.
                           Typically this would be one of the following, but an alternative course may be selected
                           in consultation with the student’s advisor.</p>
                        
                        <p><strong>Required</strong> - 1 course chosen from:</p>
                        
                        <h3>Elective Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course Number</span></span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course</span></span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="color: #000000;">Codes *</span></span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="color: #000000;">Credits</span></span></span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>APM 510</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>APM 625</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>APM 630</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>ENS 519</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 550</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 570</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 603</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 604</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 617</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 627</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 671</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 702</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 705</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 709</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 715</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>FOR 557</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>FOR 659</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LSA 500</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LSA 501</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LSA 640</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LSA 650</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>SRE 679</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h2>Generalized / Thematic Area (9 credits)</h2>
                        
                        <p>Three additional courses are selected in consultation with the student's Steering
                           Committee. The Generalized or Thematic Area courses are used to prepare the student
                           for capstone synthesis work and post-graduation work opportunities by enhancing a
                           solid knowledge of some aspect of Environmental Studies. Course selection is determined
                           through the Graduate Program of Study; students will be encouraged to include courses
                           in their plans of study that enhance their career goals. EST 898 and EST 899 may not
                           be included as Generalized or Thematic Area courses.</p>
                        
                        <h3>Synthesis (3-6 credits)</h3>
                        
                        <p>In order to synthesize and apply their knowledge of Environmental Studies, all students
                           take 3-6 credit hours of one of the following:</p>
                        
                        <ul>
                           
                           <li>EST 798 Problems in Environmental Studies (3-6 cr, Synthesis Paper)</li>
                           
                           <li>EST 898 Professional Experience (6 cr, Internship)</li>
                           </ul>
                        
                        <p>OR successfully complete a group research project or internship via enrollment in
                           a graduate-level course with such a focus (3-4 cr), such as EST 690, International
                           Environmental Policy Consultancy.</p>
                        
                        <h3><a id="mps-comm"></a>Online M.P.S. in Environmental Leadership, Justice, and Communication</h3>
                        
                        <p>The Online MPS in Environmental Leadership, Justice, and Communication is a 30- credit-hour
                           experience focused on developing analytical capacities and problem-solving skills
                           for environmental professionals, community leaders, decision makers, and advocates.
                           This MPS is fully online and is designed to be accessible to working professionals
                           and other non-traditional students. The curriculum can be completed in as short as
                           one year or over a longer period of time, depending on how many courses a student
                           takes per semester.</p>
                        
                        <p>To earn the MPS, students complete three stand-alone advanced graduate certificates,
                           each composed of three 3-credit courses: in Environmental Leadership (9 credits);
                           Environmental Justice &amp; Inequality (9 credits), and Science and Environmental Communication
                           (9 credits). In their final semester, students participate in a 3-credit applied capstone
                           project oriented towards their professional and/or civic objectives.</p>
                        
                        <p>By building the Online MPS program on a “stackable” 3 certificate model, the program
                           offers the opportunity for students to gather a series of smaller credentials – each
                           of value in its own right - towards earning a graduate level professional degree.</p>
                        
                        <h3>M.P.S. Program Requirements</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course Number</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Codes *</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Credits</span></span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 555</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 606</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 608</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 612</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 615</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 616</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 617</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 635</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 640</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 798<br><strong>OR</strong><br>EST 898
                                       							</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h2><a id="cert-edm"></a>CAS in Environmental Decision Making</h2>
                        
                        <p>The Certificate of Advanced Studies in Environmental Decision Making is designed is
                           designed for graduate students at ESF and those enrolled in law, management, public
                           administration, or information studies programs at Syracuse University. It provides
                           an exposure to specialized environmental study that is relevant to students with related
                           professional interests. The focus of this certificate is on environmental decision
                           making, the processes by which stakeholders seek solutions to environmental problems.</p>
                        
                        <p><strong>Student Eligibility</strong></p>
                        
                        <p>Graduate students currently matriculated and in good academic standing in their graduate
                           degree programs at SUNY ESF and Syracuse University are eligible to apply for entrance
                           to the certificate program.</p>
                        
                        <p><strong>Administrative Procedures</strong></p>
                        
                        <p>Application and admissions procedures, compliance with college requirements for successful
                           graduate study and the awarding of certificates are all administered by ESF's Graduate
                           School, 227 Bray Hall. If enrollment limitations are established, acceptances will
                           be made on a rolling basis, according to the date of receipt of applications.</p>
                        
                        <p><strong>Certificate Program Requirements</strong></p>
                        
                        <h3>Core Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course Number</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Codes *</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Credits</span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 635</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p>Choose 9 credits from the following two lists*, at least one course from each:</p>
                        
                        <h3>Environmental Policy and Law</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course Number</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Codes *</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Credits</span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 609</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 612</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 615</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 660</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 702</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 705</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 770</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 796</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>FOR 687</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>FOR 689</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LAW 716</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LAW 865</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>PAI 775</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>PAI 777</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>SRE 622</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h3>Human and Environment Interactions</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course Number</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Codes *</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Credits</span></span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 606</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 608</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 613</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 624</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 640</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 645</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 650</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 750</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 708</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>LSA 650</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>PAI 730</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p>*Alternate courses may be substituted in these two areas, by petition.</p>
                        
                        <h2><a id="cert-el"></a>CAS in Environmental Leadership</h2>
                        
                        <p><span>The graduate certificate of advanced study in Environmental Leadership equips decision-makers,
                              managers, facilitators, advocates, and community leaders with the skills and understanding
                              to address complex environmental challenges. Participants in the program will develop
                              their capacities to find common ground among diverse points of view, to advance decision
                              making that considers both scientific knowledge and deeply held values, and to facilitate
                              cooperation across social, organizational, and administrative boundaries.</span></p>
                        
                        <h3>All students take</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course Number</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Course</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Codes *</span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;">Credits</span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 640</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 612</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 635</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h2><a id="cert-pr"></a>CAS in Science &amp; Environmental Communication and Public Relations Management</h2>
                        
                        <p><span>The certificate of advanced study in Science and Environmental Communication and Public
                              Relations Management prepares current and future environmental professionals, decision-makers,
                              and engaged citizens to communicate effectively, as well as to analyze and assess
                              factors influencing public perceptions of environment, science, and risk. Effective
                              communication and dialogue in environmental decision-making is emphasized, as participants
                              learn to develop, engage, and evaluate audience-centered communication strategies
                              that respond to points of convergence and conflict.</span></p>
                        
                        <h3>All students take</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course Number</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Course</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Codes *</span></span></span></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><span style="color: #000000;"><span style="font-size: 16px; font-weight: 400;"><span style="color: #000000;">Credits</span></span></span></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 555</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 606</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 608</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h2>CAS in Environmental Justice and Inequality</h2>
                        
                        <p><span>The Certificate of Advanced Study in Environmental Justice and Inequality is designed
                              to equip people interested in social and justice issues, including environmental professionals,
                              community leaders, and advocates, with the analytical skills to deeply engage existing
                              research and evidence on the unique environmental vulnerabilities faced by marginalized
                              communities. This engagement uses a theory and case-based grounding in the structural
                              and systemic factors that generate and perpetuate these inequities. The program’s
                              interdisciplinary approach includes tools and methods drawn from geography, sociology,
                              environmental and public health, policy and law, sustainability science, and critical
                              race theory. It builds upon these frameworks to develop new strategies for equitable
                              and liberatory practice.</span></p>
                        
                        <h3>All students take</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><strong>Course Number</strong></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><strong>Course</strong></th>
                                    <th class="bggray">Codes <strong>*</strong></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><strong>Credits</strong></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 615</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 616</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 617</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <h2><a id="CASSEE">CAS Sustainable Enterprise and the Environment</a></h2>
                        
                        <p>The Certificate of Advanced Study in Sustainable Enterprise and the Environment (CASSEE)
                           engages students in exploring the social, economic, technical, and environmental dimensions
                           of sustainable enterprise. There is broad agreement that human activities are affecting
                           the environment, including the climate. Avenues for change engage the role(s) of business
                           and other organization in new and dynamic ways. Since the concept of sustainability
                           is central to organizational efforts that respond to environmental and social issues,
                           we focus on its utility in enterprises, especially firms but also nonprofits and<br>governmental organizations. CASSEE graduates will have enhanced career opportunities
                           based on substantive expertise and experience working in interdisciplinary teams.</p>
                        
                        <p><br>This certificate will include nine credit hours from a series of courses, and all
                           will be offered in-person on our campus in Syracuse, NY.&nbsp;</p>
                        
                        <h3>Required Courses</h3>
                        <div class="table-responsive">
                           <table class="table ">
                              <tbody>
                                 <tr class="bggray">
                                    <th class="bggray"><strong>Course Number</strong></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><strong>Course</strong></th>
                                    <th class="bggray">Codes <strong>*</strong></th>
                                    <th class="bggray"><strong>Credits</strong></th>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 651</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 652</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                                 <tr>
                                    <td>EST 759</td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                    <td></td>
                                 </tr>
                              </tbody>
                           </table>
                        </div>
                        
                        <p>Alternative educational experiences can be petitioned to count in place of a course
                           if learning objectives are met. Petitions must be submitted to the Environmental Studies
                           graduate curriculum committee for review and approval. Admission to this certificate
                           typically requires graduate student status with a cumulative GPA of 3.0 or better.</p>
                        
                        
                        <p>&nbsp;</p>
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