Faculty Profile
Donald Leopold
Distinguished Teaching Professor
Department of Environmental Biology
333 Illick Hall
Biographical Statement
Biographic Sketch for Dr. Donald J. Leopold
After earning his Ph.D. in forest ecology from the Department of Forestry and Natural Resources at Purdue University in 1984, Leopold joined the Department of Environmental and Forest Biology (now Dept. Environmental Biology) at SUNY ESF (Syracuse) in August 1985. He has taught dendrology, among other courses, every year since and established ESF’s first freshwater wetland ecology course in 1986. Among many instructional materials developed are over 130 tree videos on the ESFTV YouTube Station that have gotten over 250,000 views.
In 1998 Leopold was promoted to SUNY Distinguished Teaching Professor and in 1999 was awarded the first SUNY ESF College Foundation Award for Exceptional Achievement in Teaching. In 2004, he received the SUNY Research Foundation Excellence in the Pursuit of Knowledge award, and in 2007 the SUNY Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Faculty Service. Leopold was Chair of his Department from July 2005 until January 2018, then reinstated from September 1 until he stepped down at the end of February 2019. In March 2014, he was recognized as one of Purdue University’s College of Agriculture Distinguished Alumni.
Leopold has garnered over $27 million of extramural funding as principal or co-principal investigator, and has finished 82 M.S., M.P.S, and Ph.D. students. He was editor of the Natural Areas Journal for 6 years (1993-1999; associate editor 1990 - 1992), associate editor for the Journal of Forestry and on the editorial board of the Northeast Naturalist. He is a former chair of The Nature Conservancy, Central New York Chapter, and was given their Friends of the Land Award in 1995. Leopold was panel manager for USDA’s Competitive Grants Managed Ecosystems Program in 2006 and 2007. Since 2007 he has served on the US Army Corp of Engineers National Technical Committee on Wetland Vegetation, one of only three academics in the U.S. on the committee.
Leopold has published nearly 80 peer-reviewed journal papers and seven books (as author, not editor). Four of his books are major treatments of trees in North America (Textbook of Dendrology; J.W. Hardin, D.J. Leopold, and F.M. White, 2001, McGraw Hill), the Midwest (Trees of the Central Hardwood Forests – An Identification and Cultivation Guide; D.J. Leopold, W.C. McComb, and R.N. Muller; Timber Press), of New York (Trees of New York; D.J. Leopold, 2003, Syracuse University Press), and of the South (Native Trees of the Southeast; L.K. Kirkman, C.L. Brown, and D.J. Leopold; 2007, Timber Press). The Textbook of Dendrology is the primary dendrology text in North America, and is widely used in other countries. His fifth book, Native Plants of the Northeast: A Guide for Gardening and Conservation (Timber Press, Portland, OR) is a comprehensive guide to over 700 native trees, shrubs, vines, graminoids, wildflowers, and ferns that are valuable for garden and restoration plantings, and in 2006 was given the Garden Writers Association Silver Media Award for excellence in horticultural writings. In August 2009, he received the New York State Nursery and Landscape Association George L. Good Gold Medal of Horticulture Award for outstanding contributions to horticulture in the state of New York. His seventh book (with co-author Lytton Musselman), Wildflowers of the Adirondacks was published by Johns Hopkins Press in February 2020. Like many of his book projects nearly all of the 300+ images used were taken by him.
Leopold’s research primarily focuses on the ecology and conservation of native plant species and natural communities, examining drivers of and threats to diversity and rarity at micro to macro scales; the restoration of unique plant communities on alkaline industrial wastes in urban areas; and applications of this research to sustainable, urban landscapes and green solutions. He is co-founder and currently co-director of the SUNY ESF Restoration Science Center.
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Donald J. Leopold
Distinguished Teaching Professor
Department of Environmental and Forest Biology
SUNY-ESF
1 Forestry Drive
Syracuse, New York
ph: (315) 470-6784; email: [email protected]; http://www.esf.edu/efb/faculty/leopold.htm
Education
December 1984, Ph.D., Purdue University, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources (Forest Ecology).
December 1981, M.S.F., University of Kentucky, Department of Forestry (Forest Ecology).
May 1978, B.S., University of Kentucky, Department of Horticulture and Landscape Architecture (Nursery Management/Ornamental Horticulture).
Employment
March 2019 to current, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Department of Environmental and Forest Biology (EFB), State University of New York College of Environmental Science and Forestry (SUNY-ESF), Syracuse, NY
February 2006 to February 2019, Distinguished Teaching Professor and Chair, EFB, SUNY-ESF.
July 2005 to February 2006, Distinguished Teaching Professor and Interim Chair, Faculty of EFB, SUNY-ESF.
June 1998 to June 2005, Distinguished Teaching Professor, Faculty of EFB, SUNY-ESF.
August 1995 to June 1998, Professor, Faculty of EFB, SUNY-ESF.
August 1989 to July 1995, Associate Professor (with Continuing Appointment), Faculty of EFB, SUNY-ESF.
August 1985 to August 1989, Assistant Professor, Faculty of EFB, SUNY-ESF.
March to August 1985, Post-doctoral Research Associate, Institute of Ecology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia.
August 1980 to December 1984, Graduate Instructor and Research Assistant, Department of Forestry and Natural Resources, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana.
August 1978 to August 1980, Graduate Teaching and Research Assistant, Department of Forestry, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky.
Professional Affiliations
Ecological Society of America, Society for Conservation Biology, Society for Ecological Restoration, Society for Wetland Scientists
Awards for Teaching, Research, and Public Service
Purdue University College of Agriculture Distinguished Alumnus Award, March 2014
New York State Nursery and Landscape Association George L. Good Gold Medal of Horticulture Award, Aug. 2009
SUNY Chancellor’s Award for Excellence in Professional Service, April 2007.
Garden Writers Association Media Award. Silver Award (in book writing category) for Native Plants of the Northeast. A Guide for Gardening and Conservation, August 2006.
SUNY-ESF Undergraduate Student Association Best Advisor Award (1st recipient), April 2005.
SUNY Research Foundation Excellence in the Pursuit of Knowledge Award, October 2004.
Elected to the Nu Chapter (SUNY-ESF) of the Sigma Lambda Alpha Landscape Architecture Honorary Society, April 2001.
SUNY-ESF College Foundation Board Award for Exceptional Achievement in Teaching (1st recipient), Oct. 1999.
Named SUNY Distinguished Teaching Professor, June 1998.
President's ESF Public Service Award, May 1997.
SUNY-ESF Student Association Distinguished Teaching Award, March 1987.
Purdue University, Dept. Forestry and Natural Resources, Outstanding Graduate Teaching Assistant, April 1982.
Books (as author or co-author)
Leopold, D.J. 2020. Trees of New York. Native and Naturalized. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, 336 p. (paperback edition)
Leopold, D.J. and L.J. Musselman. 2020. Wildflowers of the Adirondacks, Johns Hopkins Press, Baltimore, MD, 346 p.
Kirkman, L.K., C.L. Brown, and D.J. Leopold. 2007. Native Trees of the Southeast, Timber Press, Portland, OR, 372 p.
Leopold, D.J. 2005. Native Plants of the Northeast: A Guide for Gardening and Conservation, Timber Press, Portland, OR, 308 p.
Leopold, D.J. 2003. Trees of New York. Native and Naturalized. Syracuse University Press, Syracuse, NY, 322 p.
Hardin, J.W., D.J. Leopold, and F.M. White. 2000. Harlow and Harrar's Textbook of Dendrology, 9th ed., WCB/ McGraw-Hill, New York, NY, 544 p.
Raynal, D.J. and D.J. Leopold. 1999. Landowner Guide to State-protected Plants of Forests in New York State. State University of New York, College of Environmental Science and Forestry, Syracuse, NY, 96 p.
Leopold, D.J., W.C. McComb, and R.N. Muller. 1998. Trees of the Central Hardwood Forests - An Identification and Cultivation Guide, Timber Press, Inc., Portland, OR, 512 p.
Books – Invited Essays
Garn, A. 2021. New York City Wildflowers. Cornell University Press, Ithaca, NY.
Book Chapters
Bedford, B.L, D.J. Leopold, and J.P. Gibbs. 2000. Wetland biodiversity, pp. 781-804, In: Encyclopedia of Biodiversity, Vol. 5, Academic Press, San Diego, CA.
Raynal, D.J., J.P. Gibbs, N.H. Ringler, and D.J. Leopold. 1998. Ecological surveys: The basis for natural area management (Exercise 21), pp. 125-144, In: J.P. Gibbs, M.L. Hunter, Jr., and E.J. Sterling, Problem-Solving in Conservation Biology and Wildlife Management, Blackwell Science, Inc., Cambridge, MA.
Leopold, D.J., P.J. Smallidge, and J.D. Castello. 1996. An integrated model of forest dynamics following disturbance, pp. 63-78, In: S.K. Majumdar, E.W. Miller, and F.J. Brenner (eds.), Forests - A Global Perspective, Pennsylvania Academy of Science, Easton, PA.
Dunwiddie, P.W., D.R. Foster, D.J. Leopold and R.T. Leverett. 1995. Old-growth forests of southern New England, New York, and Pennsylvania. pp. 126-143, In: Eastern Old-growth Forests: Prospects for Rediscovery and Recovery, Island Press, Washington, D.C.
Leopold, D.J. and M.K. Wali. 1992. Rehabilitation of forest ecosystems in eastern North America, pp.187-231, In: M.K. Wali (ed.), Environmental Rehabilitation. Vol. 2. Ecosystem Analysis and Synthesis, S.P. Bakker Publishers, The Hague, The Netherlands.
Porcella, D.B., T.J. Fahey, C.L. Schofield, C.T. Driscoll, R.M. Newton, D.J. Raynal, D.J. Leopold, J. Yavitt, and J. DePinto. 1991. Limestone treatment for management of aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems, pp. 5-14, In: H. Olem, R.K. Schreiber, R.W. Brocksen, and D.P. Porcella (eds.), International Lake and Watershed Liming Practices. Terrene Institute, Washington, D.C.
Published Manuscripts (refereed)
Liss, T., D.J. Leopold, J. Drake, and R. Latham. Plant species richness drives biomass, which mediates stormwater capture of green roof mesocosms. Submitted to the Journal of Applied Ecology (September 2025
Jacobson, M., M. Schummer, M. Fierke, P. Chesshire, and D. Leopold. 2025. Wild bee assemblages and pollination networks of managed emergent wetlands in Central New York, USA. Ecology and Evolution https://doi.org/10.1002/ece3/70847
Garcia-Polo, J., S.A.W. Diemont, T.B. Falkowski, and D.J. Leopold. 2024. A wetland condition assessment to consider ecological relationships of a Maya cultural keystone species within the Lake Atitlan, Guatemala littoral zone. Wetlands:44 (https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-024-01793-9)
Morin, T.H., V. Davies, T.A. Volk, A.S. Eallonardo, and D.J. Leopold. 2024. Continuous measurements of CO2, CH4, and H2O fluxes from a restored marl fen and inland salt marsh communities overlaying chemical-byproduct settling basins. Ecological Engineering 205: (http://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2024.107289)
Weber, J.B. and D.J. Leopold. 2023. Substrate moisture and texture affect germination in Houghton’s goldenrod (Solidago houghtonii), a federally-protected Great Lakes endemic plant. Native Plants Journal 24:33-43.
Heo, N., D.J. Leopold, M.V. Lomolino, S. Yun, and D.D. Fernando. 2022. Global and regional drivers of abundance patterns in the hart's tongue fern complex (Aspleniaceae). Annals of Botany Doi.org/10.1093/aob/mcac129.
Farley, E.B., M.L. Schummer, D.J. Leopold, J.M. Coluccy, and D.C. Tozer. 2021. Influence of water level management on vegetation and bird use of restored wetlands in the Montezuma Wetlands Complex. Wildlife Biology doi:10.1002/wlb3.01016.
Haynes, K.R., J. Friedman, J.C. Stella and D.J. Leopold. 2021. Assessing climate change tolerance and the niche breadth-range size hypothesis in rare and widespread alpine plants. Oecologia 196:1233-1245.
Langdon, S.F., M. Dovciak and D.J. Leopold. 2020. Tree encroachment varies by plant community in a large peatland complex in the boreal-temperate ecotone of northeastern USA. Wetlands https://doi.org/10.1007/s13157-020-01319-z .
Kilheffer, C., H.B. Underwood, L. Ries, J. Raphael, and D.J. Leopold. 2019. Effects of white-tailed deer (Odocoileus virginianus borealis) exclusion on plant recovery in overwash fans after a catastrophic coastal storm. AoB Plants 11(5):1-9.
Kilheffer, C., H.B. Underwood, J. Raphael, L. Ries, S. Farrell, and D.J. Leopold. 2019. Deer do not affect short-term rates of vegetation recovery in overwash fans on Fire Island after Hurricane Sandy. Ecology and Evolution 9:11742-11751.
Mattingly, K.Z., J.J. Wiley, and D.J. Leopold. 2019. Invasive species removal promotes habitat restoration but does improve the condition of a threatened plant subspecies. Journal of Fish and Wildlife Management 10:111-125.
Raney, P.A. and D.J. Leopold. 2018. Fantastic wetlands and where to find them: Modeling rich fen distribution in New York State with maxent. Wetlands 38:81-93.
Mattingly, K.Z. and D.J. Leopold. 2018. Habitat indicators of a federally listed glacial relict plant species restricted to cliffs in the northern U.S. Natural Areas Journal 38:54-67.
Bouchard J.R., D.D. Fernando, S.B. Bailey, J. Weber-Townsend and D.J. Leopold. 2017. Contrasting patterns of genetic variation in central and peripheral populations of Dryopteris fragrans (fragrant wood fern) and implications for colonization dynamics and conservation. International Journal of Plant Science 178: 607-617.
Raney, P.A, D.J. Leopold, M. Dovciak, and C.M. Beier. 2016. Hydrologic position mediates sensitivity of tree growth to climate: groundwater subsidies provide a thermal buffer effect in wetlands. Forest Ecology and Management 379:70-80.
Fernando, D.D., J.J. Discenza, J.R. Bouchard, and D.J. Leopold. 2015. Genetic analysis of the threatened American hart’s-tongue fern (Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum [Fernald] Kartesz and Gandhi): Insights into its mating system and implications for conservation. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology 62:25-35.
Landis, C. and D.J. Leopold. 2014. Natural plant establishment along an urban stream, Onondaga Creek, New York. Northeastern Naturalist 21:303-322.
Riddle, J., N. Pederson, J.C. Stella, and D.J. Leopold. 2014. Shifting climate sensitivity and contrasting growth trends in Juniperus species growing together at opposite range margins. Tree-Ring Research 70:101-111.
Eallonardo Jr., A.S. and D.J. Leopold. 2014. Inland salt marshes of the northeastern United States: stress, disturbance and compositional stability. Wetlands 34:155-166.
Raney, P.R., J.D. Fridley and D.J. Leopold. 2014. Characterizing microclimate and plant community variation in wetlands. Wetlands 34:43-53.
Eallonardo Jr., A.S., D.J. Leopold, J.D. Fridley, and J.C. Stella. 2013. Salinity tolerance and the decoupling of resource axis plant traits, Journal of Vegetation Science 24:365-374.
Hunter, E.A., P.A. Raney, J.P. Gibbs, and D.J. Leopold. 2012. Improving wetland mitigation site identification through community distribution modeling and a patch-based ranking scheme. Wetlands 32:841-850.
Gibbs, J.P., L.B. Smart, A.E. Newhouse, and D.J. Leopold. 2012. A molecular and fitness evaluation of commercially available versus locally collected blue lupine Lupinus perennis L. seeds for use in ecosystem restoration efforts. Restoration Ecology 20:456-461.
Beier, C.M., Woods, A.M., Hotopp, K.P., Gibbs, J.P., Mitchell, M.J., Dovciak, M., Leopold, D.J., Lawrence, G.B., and Page B.D. 2012. Changes in faunal and vegetation communities along a soil calcium gradient in northern hardwood forests. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 42:1141-1152.
Scanga, S.E. and D.J. Leopold. 2012. Managing wetland plant populations: Lessons learned in Europe may apply to North American fens. Biological Conservation 148:69-78.
Quaye, A.K., T.A. Volk, S. Hafner, D.J. Leopold, and C. Schirmer. 2011. Impacts of paper sludge and manure on soil and biomass production of willow. Biomass and Bioenergy 35:2796-2806.
Scanga, S.E., and D.J. Leopold. 2010. Population vigor of a rare, wetland, understory herb in relation to light and hydrology. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 137:297-311.
Farrell, J.M., B.A. Murry, D.J. Leopold, A.D. Halpern, M. Rippke, K.S. Godwin, and S.D. Hafner. 2010. Water-level regulation and coastal wetland vegetation in the upper St. Lawrence River: Inferences from historical aerial imagery, seed banks, and Typha dynamics. Hydrobiologia 647:127-144.
McGee, G.G., M.J. Mitchell, D.J. Leopold, D.J. Raynal, and M.O. Mbila. 2007. The influence of forest age and composition on elemental dynamics of Adirondack northern hardwood forests. Journal of Torrey Botanical Society 134:253-268.
McGee, G.G., M.J. Mitchell, D.J. Leopold, and D.J. Raynal. 2007. Effects of tree-fall gap zones on soil nutrients within an old-growth Adirondack northern hardwood forest. Journal of the Torrey Botanical 134:269-280.
Forrester, J.A., D.J. Leopold, and H.W. Art. 2007. Disturbance history and mortality patterns in a rare Atlantic barrier island martime holly forest. Natural Areas Journal 27:169-182.
Forrester, J.A., & D.J. Leopold. 2006. Extant and potential vegetation of an old-growth maritime Ilex opaca forest. Plant Ecology 183: 349-359.
Forrester, J.A., D.J. Leopold and H.B. Underwood. 2006. Isolating the effects of white-tailed deer on the vegetation dynamics of a rare maritime American holly forest. American Midland Naturalist 156:135-150.
Forrester, J.A., T.E. Yorks, and D.J. Leopold. 2005. Arboreal vegetation, coarse woody debris, and disturbance history of mature and old-growth stands in a coniferous forested wetland. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 132:252-261.
Forrester, J.A., D.J. Leopold, and S.D. Hafner. 2005. Maintaining critical habitat in a heavily managed landscape: Effects of power line corridor management on Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) habitat. Restoration Ecology 13:488-498.
Kelsall, N., C. Hazard, and D.J. Leopold. 2004. Influence of climate factors on demographic changes in the New York populations of the federally-listed Phyllitis scolopendrium var. americana. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 131:161-168.
Yorks, T.E., D.J. Leopold, and D.J. Raynal. 2003. Effects of Tsuga canadensis mortality on soil water chemistry and understory vegetation: possible consequences of an invasive insect herbivore. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 33:1525-1537.
Godwin, K.S., J.P. Shallenberger, D.J. Leopold, and B.L. Bedford. 2002. Linking landscape properties to local hydrogeologic gradients and plant species occurrence in minerotrophic fens of New York: A hydrogeologic setting (HGS) framework. Wetlands 22:722-737.
Anderson, K.L. and D.J. Leopold. 2002. The role of canopy gaps in maintaining vascular plant diversity at a forested wetland in New York State. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 129:238-250.
Hall, B.R., D.J. Raynal, and D.J. Leopold. 2001. Environmental influences on plant species composition in ground-water seeps in the Catskill Mountains of New York. Wetlands 21:125-134.
Yorks, T.E., D.J. Leopold, and D.J. Raynal. 2000. Vascular plant propagule banks of six eastern hemlock stands in the Catskill Mountains of New York. Journel of the Torrey Botanical Society 127:87-93.
McGee, G.G., D.J. Leopold, and R.D. Nyland. 1999. Structural characteristics of old-growth, maturing, and managed northern hardwood stands: implications for forest ecosystem management. Ecological Applications 9:1316-1329.
Bonanno, S.E., D.J. Leopold and L. St. Hilaire. 1998. Vegetation of a freshwater dune barrier under high and low recreation uses. Journal of the Torrey Botanical Society 125:39-49.
Johnson, G. and D.J. Leopold. 1998. Habitat management for the eastern massasauga in a central New York weakly-minerotrophic peatland: The effects of cutting, burning and herbicides on vegetation and small mammal abundance. Journal of Wildlife Management 62:84-97.
Podniesinski, G.S. and D.J. Leopold. 1998. Plant community development and peat stratigraphy in forested fens in response to groundwater flow systems. Wetlands 18:409-430.
Smallidge, P.J. and D.J. Leopold. 1997. Vegetation management for the maintenance and conservation of butterfly habitats in human-dominated landscapes. Landscape and Urban Planning 38:259-280.
Cameron, D.S., D.J. Leopold, and D.J. Raynal. 1997. Effect of landscape position on diversity and richness of vegetation on electric transmission rights-of-way. Canadian Journal of Botany 75:242-251.
Smallidge, P.J. and D.J. Leopold. 1997. Effects of watershed liming on Picea rubens seedling biomass and nutrient element concentration. Water, Air, and Soil Pollution 95:193-204.
Driscoll, C.T., C.P. Cirmo, T.J. Fahey, V.L. Blette, P.A. Bucaveckas, D.J. Burns, C.P. Gubala, D.J. Leopold, R.M. Newton, D.J. Raynal, C.L. Schofield, J.B. Yavitt, and D.B. Porcella. 1996. The experimental watershed liming study (EWLS): Comparison of lake/watershed base neutralization strategies. Biogeochemistry 32:143-174.
Fisher, A.S., G. Podniesinski, and D.J. Leopold. 1996. Effects of drainage ditches on vegetation patterns in abandoned agricultural peatlands in central New York. Wetlands 16:397-409.
Smallidge, P.J. and D.J. Leopold. 1996. Community characteristics and vegetation management of Karner blue butterfly (Lycaeides melissa samuelis) habitats on rights-of-way in east-central New York. Journal of Applied Ecology 33:1405-1419.
Castello, J.D., D.J. Leopold and P.J. Smallidge. 1995. Pathogens, patterns, and processes in forest ecosystems. BioScience 45:16-24.
McGee, G.G., D.J. Leopold, and R.D. Nyland. 1995. Understory response to springtime prescribed fire in two New York transition oak forests. Forest Ecology and Management 76:149-168.
Rossell, I.M., D.J. Leopold, and D.J. Raynal. 1995. Competition among shoreline plants: Responses to watershed liming. Environmental and Experimental Botany 35:507-518.
Smallidge, P.J. and D.J. Leopold. 1995. Watershed liming and pit and mound topography effects on seed banks in the Adirondacks, New York, USA. Forest Ecology and Management 72:273-285.
St. Hilaire, L.R. and D.J. Leopold. 1995. Conifer seedling distribution in relation to microsite and bryophyte cover in central New York forested minerotrophic peatland. Canadian Journal of Forest Research 25:261-269.
Johnson, A.M. and D.J. Leopold. 1994. Vascular plant species richness and rarity across a minerotrophic gradient in wetlands of St. Lawrence County, New York, USA. Biodiversity and Conservation 3:606-627.
Mackun, I.R., D.J. Leopold, and D.J. Raynal. 1994. Short-term responses of wetland vegetation after liming of an Adirondack watershed. Ecological Applications 4:535-543.
Rossell, I.M., D.J. Raynal, and D.J. Leopold. 1994. The effects of watershed liming on the tissue chemistry of three co-occurring poor fen species. Canadian Journal of Botany 72:1825-1834.
Smallidge, P.J. and D.J. Leopold. 1994. Forest community composition and juvenile red spruce (Picea rubens) age-structure and growth patterns in an Adirondack watershed. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 121:345-356.
Cinquemani Kuehn, D.M. and D.J. Leopold. 1993. Habitat characteristics associated with Phyllitis scolopendrium var. americana in central New York. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 120:310-318.
Falb, D. and D.J. Leopold. 1993. Population dynamics of Cypripedium candidum Muhl. ex Willd., small white ladyslipper, in a western New York fen. Natural Areas Journal 13:76-86.
Knutson, M.G., D.J. Leopold, and R.C. Smardon. 1993. Selecting islands and shoals for conservation based on biological and aesthetic criteria. Environmental Management 17:199-210.
Mackun, I.R., S.J. McNaughton, D.J. Raynal, and D.J. Leopold. 1993. Comparative foliage and twig chemistry of co-occurring Myrica gale and Chamaedaphne calyculata. Canadian Journal of Botany 71:129-135.
Cinquemani Kuehn, D.M. and D.J. Leopold. 1992. Long-term demography of Phyllitis scolopendrium var. americana in central New York. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 119:65-76.
LeBlanc, C.M. and D.J. Leopold. 1992. Demography and age structure of a central New York shrub-carr 94 years after fire. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 119:50-64.
Smallidge, P.J., D.J. Leopold, and J.D. Castello. 1991. Structure and composition of forest stands affected and unaffected by ash yellows. Plant Disease 75:13-18.
Han, Y., J.D. Castello, and D.J. Leopold. 1991. Relationships among ash yellows, radial growth decline, and drought. Plant Disease 75:18-23.
Smallidge, P.J., Y. Han, D.J. Leopold, and J.D. Castello. 1991. Management implications of ash yellows in northeastern hardwood stands. Northern Journal of Applied Forestry 8:21-23.
DeScisciolo, B., D.J. Leopold, and D.C. Walton. 1990. The seasonal patterns of juglone in soil beneath Juglans nigra (black walnut) and the influence of J. nigra on understory vegetation. Journal of Chemical Ecology 16:1111-1130.
Cinquemani, D.M., M.E. Faust, and D.J. Leopold. 1988. Periodic censuses (1916-1986) of Phyllitis scolopendrium var. americana in central New York State. American Fern Journal 78:37-43.
Leopold, D.J., C. Reschke, and D.S. Smith. 1988. Old-growth forests of Adirondack Park, New York. Natural Areas Journal 8:166-189.
Parker, G.R., D.J. Leopold, and J.K. Eichenberger. 1985. Tree dynamics in an old-growth deciduous forest. Forest Ecology and Management 11:31-57.
Leopold, D.J. and G.R. Parker. 1985. Vegetation patterns on a Southern Appalachian watershed after two clearcuts. Castanea 50:164-186.
Leopold, D.J., G.R. Parker, and W.T. Swank. 1985. Forest development after successive clearcuts in the Southern Appalachians. Forest Ecology and Management 13:83-120.
Leopold, D. J. and R.N. Muller. 1983. Hosts of Pyrularia pubera Michx. (Santalaceae) in field and in culture. Castanea 48:135-145.
Parker, G.R. and D.J. Leopold. 1983. Replacement of Ulmus americana L. in a mature east-central Indiana woods. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 110:482-488.
Leopold, D.J. 1980. Chinese and Siberian elms. Journal of Arboriculture 6:175-179.
Book Reviews (all invited)
Leopold, D.J. 2023. John Pastor. White pine: the natural and human history of a foundational American tree. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences. Doi.org/10.1007/s13412-023-00832-x
Leopold, D.J. 2021. Karen D. Holl. Primer of Ecological Restoration. Journal of Environmental Studies and Sciences 11:153-154. https://doi.org/10.1007/s13412-020-00621-w
Leopold, D.J. 2009. The most awe-inspiring of all trees. The Bristlecone Book: A Natural History of the World’s Oldest Trees. Journal of Forestry 107 (April/May):156.
Leopold, D.J. 2004. Deforesting the Earth. From Prehistory to Global Crisis. Conservation Biology 18:1693-1694.
Leopold, D.J. 2003. Guide to Urban Riparian Renaissance. Restoring Streams in Cities. A Guide for Planners, Policymakers, and Citizens. Hydrological Processes 17:501-503.
Leopold, D.J. 2002. Wetland Ecology Principles and Conservation. Natural Areas Journal 22:166-167.
Leopold, D.J. 2002. Responses of Northern U.S. Forests to Environmental Change. The Quarterly Review of Biology 77: 84-85.
Leopold, D.J. 2000. Discovering the Unknown Landscape: A History of America's Wetlands. The Quarterly Review of Biology 75:340-341.
Leopold, D.J. 1994. Old Growth in the East. A Survey. Journal of Forestry 92(4):55.
Grants Received ($27,494,305 through 2022*, as PI or coPI)
*Abundance and distribution of white-tailed deer on First State National Historic Park; National Park Service – North Atlantic CESU; $149,904; May 2020 to May 2022, D.J. Leopold and H.B. Underwood.
Site inventory and wetlands mitigation and stewardship alternatives analysis; Chobani; $39,429; May 2019 to December 2019, J. Gibbs and D. Leopold
Evaluating legacy impacts of hyper-abundant white-tailed deer in forested stands of Harriman and Bear Mountain State Parks, NYS Office of Parks, Recreation, and Historic Preservation; $89,446; March to October 2020, H.B. Underwood and D.J. Leopold.
Range wide status assessment of Houghton’s goldenrod, with a special emphasis on niche limit, demographic transitions, and population stability, USFWS (GLRI), $149,600; February 2016 to December 2019. D.J. Leopold.
Snowshoe hare population monitoring, NYS-DEC; $103,278; April 2018 to March 2021, D.J. Leopold, S. Cleveland, and B.H. Underwood.
New York Natural Heritage Program Base Funding; NYS-DEC; $4,204,361; July 2017 to June 2022; D.J. Leopold and D.J. Evans.
Factors affecting dune and vegetation recovery from superstorm Sandy in the Otis Pike High Dune Wilderness Area on Fire Island National Seashore (FIIS), NY; NOAA; $40,000; July 2016 to June 2018; H.B Underwood and D.J. Leopold.
Abundance, distribution and management of white-tailed deer in the Town of Dewitt, NY; NYS-DEC; $230,916; August 2016 to July 2018; H.B. Underwood and D.J. Leopold.
Grass River Habitat Assessment and Reconstruction – Vegetation Issues; Anchor QEA, LLC; $9,956; February to December 2014; D.J. Leopold.
Impacts of hurricane Sandy and white-tailed deer on maritime vegetation recovery at Fire Island National Seashore; National Park Service, $224,619; July 2014 to July 2016; B. Underwood and D.J. Leopold.
Onondaga Lake Wastebeds 1-8: Plant studies; Honeywell International Inc.; $49,735; August 2014 to August 2015; D.J. Leopold
Onondaga Lake and adjacent lands habitat assessment and restoration – vegetation issues; Honeywell International Inc.; $16,456; January 2014 to December 2015.
New York Natural Heritage Program; NYS-DEC; $3,273,393; July 2012 to June 2017; D.J. Leopold.
Development of wetland assessment protocols; US Environmental Protection Agency; $499,847; Oct. 2012 to March 2015, D.J. Leopold, D.J. Evans, and A. Feldmann.
SUNY-ESF Gateway Building green roof; NYS Consolidated Funding, $413,000; January 2011 to December 2013; T. Toland, M. Kelleher, D. Daley, and D.J. Leopold.
Restoring critical habitat, mitigating multiple threats, and evaluating population statuses for bog turtle, eastern massasauga rattlesnake, and Houghton's goldenrod co-occurring in a single..., USFWS (GLRI program), $128,064, August 2012 to May 2015, D.J. Leopold and J.P. Gibbs.
Review of Honeywell Onondaga Lake shoreline restoration projects, $23,580; Honeywell, Inc., July 2010 to June 2011, D.J. Leopold.
Improving vegetation indicators of wetland condition; U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, $172,070; Oct. 2013 to September 2015; D.J. Evans and D.J. Leopold.
Descriptions of natural communities and plant sources for restoration of Onondaga Lake shore and adjacent areas; $25,895; Honeywell, Inc., June to December 2011; D.J. Leopold
Climate buffering in temperate zone fens: implications for climate change; $5000; National Geographic Society, May 2010 to December 2011; D. Leopold and P. Raney.
ARRA Renovation to wet labs and cyber infrastructure to enhance integrated research and teaching in aquatic sciences; $1,470,000; National Science Foundation, October 2010 to September 2013; N. Ringler, K. Schulz, J. Farrell, C. Whipps, and D. Leopold.
Genetic diversity, morphometrics and habitat analysis of a rare wood fern in the northern forests: Implications for management and long-term survival; $82,876; University of New Hampshire, July 2011 to September 2013; D.D. Fernando, D.J. Leopold, and S. Bailey.
Development of database and algorithms to support the National Wetland Plant List; $94,419; US Army Corps of Engineers, September 2011 to December 2012; D.J. Leopold
Production of genetically diverse American hart’s-tongue fern for introduction or reintroduction in the Great Lakes Region, $99,682; US Fish and Wildlife Service, July 2011 to September 2014; D.D. Fernando and D.J. Leopold.
Control of Japanese knotweed (Fallopia japonica var. japonica) on Leedy’s roseroot (Rhodiola integrifolia subsp. leedyi), a federally-threatened plant; $69,902; US Fish and Wildlife Service, September 2011 to August 2015; D.J. Leopold
Importance of calcium-rich substrates for supporting refugia of biodiversity and productivity in an increasingly acidified landscape; $41,543; USDA Forest Service-NRSC, July 2008 to June 2013; C. Beier, M. Mitchell, J. Gibbs, D. Leopold, and M. Dovciak.
Novel survey methods to increase detectability of rare frogs in the field; $46,948; Arizona Game and Fish Department, May 2010 to May 2013; D.J. Leopold and M. Schlaepfer.
Coastal fisheries habitat restoration in the St. Lawrence River; $274,722; Ducks Unlimited Inc., July 1, 2010 to Dec. 31, 2014; J.M. Farrell, D.J. Leopold, J.P. Gibbs, K.L. Schulz, and M.J. Mitchell.
Inland salt marsh demonstration project: site maintenance, monitoring of vegetation, soils and evapotranspiration. $223,797; Honeywell. Award duration: September 1, 2010 to December 31, 2011; T. Eallonardo, D.J. Leopold, and D.J. Daley.
Restoring small ephemeral wetlands in forested landscapes of New York State; USDA CSREES (SUNY ESF McIntire-Stennis program), $89,850; August 2009 to September 2012; J.P. Gibbs, J.C. Stella, D.J. Leopold, and K.S. Schulz.
Student internship program; NYS-DEC, $24,297+; March 2008 to February 2013; J.P. Gibbs and D.J. Leopold.
Evaluating environmental impacts of transgenic American chestnut trees to chestnut trees produced by conventional breeding; USDA CSREES Biotechnology Risk Assessment Grants (BRAG) program, $380,000; September 2008 to August 2011; W.A. Powell, C.A. Maynard, T.R. Horton, D. Parry, and D.J. Leopold.
Environmental scholars: A scholarship program in Environmental Chemistry, Biology, and Engineering; National Science Foundation, $600,000; March 2009 to February 2013; K. Donaghy, D.J. Leopold, J.P. Hassett, J.M. Hassett, and J.E. Turbeville.
Wastebed botanical garden and site design; $28,827; Honeywell, Inc., E.J. Carter, D.J. Leopold, D.J. Daley, and T.A. Volk.
Restoration of inland salt marsh, marl fen, and select woody species: Short-term goals of the native species component of the SWRS demonstration plan; $908,754; Honeywell, Inc., April 2008 to August 2014, D.J. Leopold.
Environmental science to promote sustainable urban, rural and indigenous communities; National Science Foundation; $1,638,333; March 2007 to February 2010; D.J. Leopold, R. Beal, C.M. Spuches, and D.J. Raynal.
Inventory and analysis of vegetation in remnant inland salt marshes of New York; Biodiversity Research Institute; $39,467; April 2007 to December 2007; D.J. Leopold.
Invasive plants program coordinator, NYS-DEC; $566,586 (January 2006 to June 2020); D.J. Leopold.
A collaborative approach to conservation biology and entrepreneurship: Realizing student and community engagement through the conservation and use of native plants; John Ben Snow Foundation; $18,500; September 2006 to February 2007; C.Spuches and D.J. Leopold.
Environmental influences on plant diversity in rich fens of central New York: A multiscale analysis; Biodiversity Research Institute; $18,014; November 2006 to December 2007; D.J. Leopold.
Ashokan Model Forest Study; USGS; $306,971; September 2006 to August 2007; D J. Leopold and R.H. Germain.
An assessment of conservation value of the Honeywell International, Inc.’s Hudson Farm Property; Honeywell; $23,000 (April 2005 to February 2006); J.P. Gibbs and D.J. Leopold.
Spatial distribution and habitat preferences of Hydrastis canadensis (golden seal) in New York State; Biodiversity Research Institute; $8,892; September 2004 to August 2005; D.J. Leopold.
Distribution, abundance, and ecology of round-leaved orchids in New York State; Biodiversity Research Institute; $10,980; May to December 2005; D.J. Leopold.
Genetic diversity of Lupinus perennis; NYS-DEC; $80,000 (April 2005 to March 2008); J.P. Gibbs, D.J. Leopold, and L.B. Smart.
Restoration of alkaline wastebeds; Honeywell; $401,000 (March 2005 to December 2007); D.J. Leopold.
Effects of New York State roadways on amphibians and reptiles: A research and adaptive mitigation program; NYS-DOT; $267,114 (January 2005 to December 2008); J.P. Gibbs, D.J. Leopold, and P.K. Ducey.
Onondaga Creek Habitat Restoration Demonstration Initiative; US EPA; $350,000 (August 2004 to July 2007); T.A. Endreny and D.J. Leopold.
Fertilizer from pulp and paper waste: The utility and ecology of fertilization with biologically nitrogen-enriched waste; USDA-CSREES/NRI; $380,000 (August 2003 to July 2006); D.J. Leopold, T. Amidon, D. Daley, J. Nakas, and G. Scott.
Aquatic nuisance species: Ecology and control of the invasive plant Hydrocharis morsus-ranae in eastern Lake Ontario and St. Lawrence River wetlands; NOAA/NYS Sea Grant; $128,708 (June 2003 to May 2005); D.J. Leopold, D. Parry, K. Schulz, and J. Farrell.
Lake Ontario’s dynamic coast: Analyzing ecosystem history for sustaining environmental health; New York State Great Lakes Protection Fund; $200,000 (January 2003 to December 2005); N.G. Hairston, Jr., L. Wagenet, D.J. Leopold, D.M. Peteet, and C.T. Driscoll, Jr.
Health and sustainability of New York forests in relation to beech bark disease; US Forest Service; $40,700 (May 2002 to April 2005); P.D. Manion and D.J. Leopold
A landscape approach to predicting and evaluating vulnerable wetland ecosystems; US EPA; $118,135 (October 2002 to December 2005); D.J. Leopold
An assessment of forest health and soil nutrient status to determine the effects of logging practices on water quality in watersheds draining the Catskill Mountains, NY; US Geological Survey; $547,701 (October 2002 to August 2005); D.J. Leopold.
Onondaga Creek restoration feasibility study: controlling for flooding and water quality, and enhancing natural processes; US Housing and Urban Development Economic Development Initiative; $200,000 (January 2002 to December 2004); T.A. Endreny and D.J. Leopold.
Plant and waterbird diversity relative to water levels in the Lake Ontario/St. Lawrence River region; International Joint Commission; $58,312 (September 2001 to November 2002); D.J. Leopold and J.P. Gibbs.
Nelson Swamp Unique Area research; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; $9,000 (May 2001 to January 2005); D.J. Leopold.
Development and application of models to predict occurrence of plant heritage elements on New York State Forest Lands; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; $165,428 (May 2001 to May 2005); D.J. Leopold.
A random sample system for accessing forest health on New York State Forest Lands. Addendum – Ecological community classification component; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; $24,800 (May 2001 to April 2002); P.D. Manion and D.J. Leopold.
A random sample system for accessing forest health on New York State Forest Lands; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; $112,000 (May 2001 to April 2003); P.D. Manion and D.J. Leopold.
Effects of northern New York ice storm on forest communities, Addendum; U.S. Forest Service; $20,000 (May 2001 to August 2002); D.J. Leopold.
Karner blue and the pine-oak barrens educational modules; Niagara Mohawk; $3,000 (January to December 2001); D.J. Leopold.
The role of disturbance in the long-term viability of a coastal maritime forest fragment; USGS, National Park Service; $134,065 (October 2000 to September 2005); D.J. Leopold and H.B. Underwood.
Biocomplexity: Physical, biological, and human interactions shaping the ecosystems of freshwater bays and lagoons; National Science Foundation; $3,000,000 (October 2000 to September 2005); M. Bain, E.A. Cowen, D.P. Loucks, N. Hairston, Jr., R.J. Pendall, D.J. Leopold, C. Driscoll, and S. Ellner.
Chemical analysis of stream water samples; USDI National Park Service; $2,495 (October 2000 to May 2001); D.J. Raynal and D.J. Leopold.
Analysis of vegetation and soil solution in the Catskill Mountains, NY; US Forest Service; $10,000 (June 2000 to Sept. 2001); D.J. Raynal and D.J. Leopold.
A random sample system for accessing forest health on New York State Forest Lands; New York State Department of Environmental Conservation; $70,000 (May 2000 to April 2001); P.D. Manion and D.J. Leopold.
Restoration of coastal wetlands in the St. Lawrence River through re-establishment of natural hydrologic regimes; Great Lakes Protection Fund; $222,000 (October 1999 to December 2002); J.M. Farrell and D.J. Leopold.
Conservation and management of New York fens: Plant diversity, nutrient availability, and landscape controls; The Nature Conservancy's Ecosystem Research Program; $238,526 (May 1999 to April 2002); B. Bedford (Cornell) and D.J. Leopold.
Effects of northern New York ice storm on forest communities; U.S. Forest Service; $863,000 (January 1999 to April 2002); D.J. Leopold, J.P. Gibbs, and R.D. Nyland.
Studies of nitrogen movement in Adirondack Mountain wetland ecosystems; Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation; $86,783 (June to Dec 1998); D.J. Raynal, M.J. Mitchell, and D.J. Leopold.
Continuation of Adirondack Manipulation and Modeling Project; ESEERCO; $700,000 (June 1998 to December 2000); M.J. Mitchell, D.J. Leopold, D.J. Raynal, R.D. Briggs, and C.T. Driscoll.
Allelic diversity in Adirondack forest stands: Old-growth versus managed stands, McIntire-Stennis (USDA); $48,073 (May 1998 - September 2000), J.P. Gibbs, D.J. Leopold, S.O. Rogers, and W.J. Hahn.
Demographic studies of hart’s-tongue fern; New York Department of Environmental Conservation; $12,000 (June 1998 to December 2002); D.J. Leopold.
Selective timber harvest as a tool to promote plant species of concern and regeneration in forested wetlands; NYS-DEC; $5000 (January to August 1998); D.J. Leopold.
A Native American model for environmental restoration and community enhancement; USDA Fund for Rural America; $300,000 (January 1998 to December 2001); R.W. Kimmerer, N.H. Ringler, M.R. Bridgen, D.J. Leopold, S.L. Senecah, and G.L. Godfrey.
Effects of timber harvest and natural gap dynamics on plant biodiversity and tree regeneration in a central New York forested wetland; New York Center for Forestry Research and Development; $32,724 (January to August 1997; January to August 1998); D.J. Leopold.
Curriculum development: Native American perspectives on resource management; USDA-CSREES; $79,978 (September 1996 to August 1998); R.W. Kimmerer, M.R. Bridgen, N.H. Ringler, D.J. Leopold, and J.P. Manno.
The influence of structural heterogeneity on biodiversity within managed, maturing and old-growth northern hardwood stands: implications for ecosystem management; USDA Co-op (Mc-Stennis); $82,671 (May 1996 to September 1999); D.J. Leopold, R.D. Nyland, R.W. Kimmerer, and J.J. Worrall.
Ash yellows in New York State: assessing risk with predictive models; New York Center for Forestry Research and Development; $13,990 (January to September 1996); J.D. Castello, D.J. Leopold, and N.G. Gaus.
Monitoring vegetation along Empire State Pipeline; ANR Pipeline Co.; $3,500 (September to December 1995); D.J. Leopold.
Utility right-of-way management in Karner blue butterfly habitat areas; Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation; $425,000 (June 1995 to December 2002); D.J. Leopold, P.J. Smallidge and L.P. Abrahamson.
Role of vegetation on nitrogen movement and in identifying hydrologically-sensitive areas in Catskill watersheds; U.S. Geological Survey; $267,684 (May 1995 to December 1999); D.J. Raynal and D.J. Leopold.
Restoration potential of abandoned agricultural wetlands in the Great Lakes Region; Great Lakes Protection Fund; $23,000 (October 1994 to March 1995); D.J. Leopold, R. Smardon, and S. Stehman.
Topsoil as a method of restoring abandoned agricultural mucklands: role of the seed bank; US Environmental Protection Agency; $32,500 (October 1994 to December 1995); D.J. Leopold and S.V. Stehman.
Vascular plant species richness and rarity in wetlands on electric power rights-of-way in New York; Empire State Electric Energy Research Corporation; $37,490 (December 1994 to December 1995); D.J. Leopold, D.J. Raynal, and L.P. Abrahamson.
Long-term demographic and genetic diversity studies of Asplenium scolopendrium var. americanum; U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service; $12,500 (May 1994 to May 1995); D.J. Leopold.
Support for photographs to be used in: Leopold, D.J., W.C. McComb, and R.N. Muller. 1998. Trees of the Central Hardwood Forests - An Identification and Cultivation Guide, Timber Press, Inc., Portland, OR, 512 p.; $750 (July 1993 to June 1994); D.J. Leopold.
Ecological models for The Nature Conservancy preserves in central and western New York; The Nature Conservancy; $7000 (December 1993 to June 1994); D.J. Leopold.
Critical habitat for plant species and communities - a landscape ecology perspective; USDA Forest Service; $30,000 (July 1993 to June 1996); D.J. Leopold.
Forest succession on abandoned agricultural wetlands; USDA Co-op (Mc-Stennis); $41,110 (2 years beginning May 1993); D.J. Leopold and S.V. Stehman.
Pathogen incidence and rate of spread: Impact of habitat and landscape attributes; USDA-NRICGP; $200,000 (3 years beginning September 1992); D.J. Leopold, J.D. Castello, and C.J. Davis.
Spatial patterns during succession in abandoned agricultural wetlands; National Science Foundation, Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Program; $5178 (September 1992 to August 1994); D.J. Leopold and A.S. Fisher.
Status of Onondaga Lake plant and wildlife populations and communities; Onondaga Lake Management Conference; $5000 (May to July 1992); L. Van Druff and D.J. Leopold.
Evaluation of Karner blue (Lycaeides melissa samuelis Nabokov) habitat beneath transmission line rights-of-way in Albany and Schenectady Counties, N.Y.; Niagara Mohawk Power Corporation; $54,500 (May to December 1992); D.J. Leopold.
Dry Lake basin siltation mitigation; GSA Development Corp.; $3000 (June 1991 to December 1992); D.J. Leopold.
Introduction of Phyllitis scolopendrium var. americana to new sites in central New York: The Nature Conservancy- New York Field Office, New York Natural Heritage Program, and NYS-DEC (Section 6 Funds from USFWS); $6700 (4 years beginning June 1991); D.J. Leopold.
Management of spreading globeflower (Trollius laxus ssp. laxus) in central New York; NYS-DEC Forest Stewardship Program; $12,400 (2 years beginning April 1991); D.J. Leopold.
Rights-of-way stability: A 15-year appraisal of plant dynamics on electric power rights-of-way in New York State; Empire State Electric Energy Research Corporation; $147,690 (3.5 years beginning March 1991); L. Abrahamson, D.J. Raynal, C.A. Nowak, and D.J. Leopold.
Ecology of the eastern massasauga; American Wildlife Research Foundation, Inc.; $4000 (2 years beginning January 1991); D.J. Leopold and G. Johnson.
Search for new Phyllitis scolopendrium var. americana sites in central New York; The Nature Conservancy - New York Field Office and New York Natural Heritage Program; $2500 (1 year, beginning June 1990); D.J. Leopold.
Vegetation responses following prescribed burning; USDA Co-op; $60,000 (3 years, beginning May 1, 1990); R. Nyland, L. Abrahamson, and D.J. Leopold.
Inventory and analysis of small islands and emergent shoals and recommendations for their protection, St. Lawrence River, Thousand Islands Area; St. Lawrence-Eastern Ontario Commission; $10,000 (1 year beginning July 1989); D.J. Leopold, S.R. LaPan, and R.C. Smardon.
Inventory and analysis of wetlands and shoals in the Thousand Islands Area; Thousand Islands Land Trust; $7000 (1 year, beginning February 1989); D.J. Leopold.
Botanical survey at Blueberry Patch, Finger Lakes National Forest and Effects of prescribed fire on oak reproduction; USDA Forest Service; $6500 (1 year, beginning September 1988); D.J. Leopold and R.D. Nyland.
Effects of liming on terrestrial vegetation; Cornell University; $120,000 (3 years, beginning September 1988); D.J. Raynal and D.J. Leopold.
Status of Cypripedium candidum in rich fen in western New York; SUNY New Faculty Development Award; $700 (1 year, beginning November 1987).
Ecological consequences of ash decline and relationship of disease to drought; USDA Co-op (Mc-Stennis); $47,387 (3 years, beginning October 1986); D.J. Leopold and J.D. Castello.
- Conservation Biology at ESF: